The basics of colorectal cancer treatment

Stage and grade

Treatment for colorectal cancer depends on the stage and type of the disease based on pathology results. You can learn more in-depth information about how doctors stage colorectal cancers here. Make sure that you receive a copy of your cancer test results, including your pathology report and your stage. For people with metastatic or colorectal cancer, additional testing beyond staging is usually recommended. See below for more information on these additional tests. 

Types of treatment

Standard treatment may include a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. People with advanced or recurrent cancers may also be treated with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or targeted therapy. You can learn about these therapies here. Clinical trials may be available for any stage of cancer.

Additional tests

Tumor biomarker testing and genetic testing can provide additional clues about which treatments may work best for your cancer. If you test positive for an inherited mutation linked to endometrial cancer, your results may also help you and your relatives learn about risks for future cancers and ways to manage these risks.   

Ask your doctor to explain your diagnosis, test results and treatment options in terms that you can understand. This will allow you to work with your doctor to choose the best treatment for you.